Research products are any item created when planning, carrying out, or ending your research project. This may include Research Scoping documents, Datasets, Code files, survey questions...
Researchers may share research products for many different reasons. Some reasons may be:
You can share as much of your research as you want. If you share one kind of research product (a dataset, lines of code, survey questions), you are not obligated to share all of your research products.
Some reasons to not share, to delay sharing, or to restrict access to research products:
Sharing data? Please visit our Managing Research Data from Start to Finish LibGuide. The guide is focused on NIH funded research, but the basic principles will apply to any research data project.
Before you and your co-researchers start your research project, your team should design a plan for sharing, and not sharing, different research products.
It is best to prepare agreements like Data Management Plans before starting any research, but these plans can also be created during research projects. Agreements help keep everyone accountable, and, as researchers join and leave projects, their duties can be easily reassigned.
General steps for creating Sharing Plans:
The DMP Tool is a website that can guide you through the creation of a Data Management and Sharing Plan. DMP Tool includes guides for federal grants from different agencies.
Code can be more complicated to share than other research products. There are two major considerations with sharing code:
Code needs proper versioning. Each version of your code needs to be citable, so it is clear what code you or other researchers have used.
Code needs documentation and comments inside the code itself. This will help others use and understand your code. It will also ensure that you do not forget anything about your own code if you need to revisit it later.
Shared code also needs Open Source Licenses. These open source licenses tell other researchers how your code can, and can't, be used.
One of the easier ways to share code is by adding your GitHub code to the Zenodo Repository. Zenodo will understand and interpret the GitHub versioning, and Zenodo will create citable DOIs for each version of your code. GitHub and Zenodo Instructions.
A DOI is a persistent identifier. A DOI is a stable link that should always lead to the same item on the internet. DOIs can break if not properly maintained, but any large, stable repository should be trustworthy to maintain their DOIs.
You want any item you plan on sharing online to have a DOI (or other persistent identifier). Other researchers will have an easier time finding, saving, and citing your research products if they have a stable link to the item.
ORCID is a free system that gives you a unique digital identifier. This digital identifier is only attached to your account. It distinguishes you against other people with your same name, and it identifies you even if you publish under different institutions or with different versions of your name.
You can allow ORCID to automatically list all of your publications as you are published. When you need to put together your promotion and tenure materials or a grant application, all of your work will already be in one place!
ORCID can sync with other profile services if given permission. These ORCID Syncing Instructions can guide you through linking your ORCID and Web of Science accounts.Your Web of Science account will then update to match your ORCID account when ORCID pulls in your publications.
When you share a research product, it is best to attach a Creative Commons license to the item. Creative Commons licenses are "additions" to the standard copyright coverage the item already has.
If you already have the copyright for the item, adding a Creative Commons license does not forfeit your copyright (except for CC0). All other Creative Commons licenses only mean that you have pre-approved certain uses as defined by the license. People will not need to ask your permission if they want to use one of your works in a pre-approved way.